In the article the author has attempted to realise the following goals:

1) identifying and critical assessment of the share of expenditure on research and development (R&D) in the gross domestic product (GDP) borne by business entities concentrated in four sectors (enterprises, government, higher education and private non-profit institutions) and jointly in all sectors. This meter is treated as an indirect measure of the level of managerial activity in shaping the research and development policy,

2) checking the thesis that R&D expenditure are changeable and differ in the particular Member States and does not give a clear positive picture of … Czytaj więcej »

Contemporary organizations function in a stormy and competitive environment, that’s why they have to look for efficient methods for own development. One of such methods is the systemic creation of facilitating and radical innovations, as well as implementing them in particular functional areas. Efficient creation of innovations treated as an important factor for the development of organizations, is determined by access to appropriate resources of knowledge. In the publication the author proposes a new concept of managing organizations which are focused on development. The essence of this concept is covering innovation management and knowledge management with one management system. This … Czytaj więcej »

In the era of innovation revolution it is justified to pursue rational policy of innovation on the level of country, region and company. Innovations have become a basic development factor for business entities, the growth of their competitiveness, improvement of their position on the market, growth of economic efficiency etc. The assumptions of such policy should be based on a precise diagnosis of the existing state in the area of innovative activity. This article tries to carry out such a diagnosis by looking for answers to the following questions:
1. Did companies functioning in Member States of the European Union … Czytaj więcej »

Contemporary enterprises should be innovative to survive on a competitive market. Innovations are the basic factor of development of each firm. They must be systematically developed and implemented in all areas of socio-economic activity. The base for the creation of such a system can be a complex diagnosis of the current state of the commonness of introduction of the innovations in particular enterprises. This diagnosis can be conducted on the base of results of the empirical researches, conducted in February 2016 by TNS Political & Social in 28 EU Member States, Switzerland and the United States. These researches, among other … Czytaj więcej »

The contemporary market is subject to continuous, dynamic development and change. To a large extent, it is formed by the processes of globalization which naturally boost competition between companies, institutes and universities, forcing them to apply marketing management to their activities. The goal of such action is not only to attract attention or exist on the market, but also to facilitate commercial activity, building strong relations with clients and as a consequence, achieving success. Growth of competitiveness of services on the market has made marketing into an indicator which to a large extent determines the success or failure of both … Czytaj więcej »